For a more efficient international trade system, proper classification of goods is crucial. The classification not only helps in identification but can also come in handy in simplifying the customs process. In comes the Harmonized System Nomenclature, a system that manufacturers, importers, and exporters have used for decades.
What is HSN?
Harmonized System Nomenclature or HSN code is a standardized system used to classify goods all over the world in a systematic manner. It mainly consists of 4 to 6 codes that are the same for every good in each country that has adopted the system. In India, it includes an additional two digits, making it an 8-digit code. It is used to implement the Goods and Services Tax (GST), determining the rate tax applicable in customs.
The system is used to classify over 5,000 accepted products worldwide, making it easy to define all products in a structured manner. Consequently, it removes ambiguity while enhancing international trade between different countries. In India, the HSN system helps customs officials determine the applicable tariffs and taxes on imported goods and exports.
The HSN Code helps businesses and people to:
- Properly classify their products
- Calculate applicable GST rate for their products
- Comply with GST invoicing requirements
Additionally, the worldwide recognized classification system eliminates the need for detailed descriptions of goods. The 4 to 8-digit codes make it easier for businesses and tax authorities to understand the goods and the nature of the transactions.
Also Read: What Is An HSN Code?
HSN Code Structure
In India, the HSN system comprises 21 sections, 99 chapters, 1,244 headings and 5,244 subheadings. The divisions are designed to ensure proper classification and detailing of goods. Consequently, the chapters and sections come with titles that detail the categories in which the products belong. The headings and subheadings are used to provide further details.
In most cases, the HSN code comprises six digits. The first two digits detail the chapter in which the product belongs. The following two digits detail the headings of the products, while the last two digits detail the product.
For custom purposes, the HSN code comes with 8 digits. The last two digits detail the tariffs for the products for customized purposes.
Example
If you wish to classify a television set, the HSN code would be 85.28.12.11. In this case, the first two digits (85) represent the chapter under which the TV set falls in the HSN system. The following two digits (28) represent the heading under which the product falls, while the next two (12) represent the subheading. Finally, the last two digits in the 8 HSN code will define the tariff heading for custom purposes.
How to Determine the HSN Code for a Product
Search by Product Name
- Step 1: Log in to the GST Portal Home Page.
- Step 2: Navigate to the HSN code in GST Portal homage and sign in with your credentials. Select Services, User Services, and Search HSN from the menu.
- Step 3: Type the product name you wish to get the recommendation of the most relevant 4-digit HSN code.
- Step 4: If the search result does not contain the correct HSN code, click on the 4-digit and 6 codes to get details for export and import purposes.
How to Find HSN Code
Finding the HSN code of a given product is pretty simple, given the vast array of resources available. Some of the ways available include:
Check the product package: All products for distribution or export come with an HSN code. You can always confirm the code by looking at the label or sticker.
Manufacturer’s Website: A manufacturer’s website can also come in handy in confirming the exact HSN code of a product up for sale. A product data sheet on the website can provide all the necessary details.
Government Website: The government website comes with a searchable database that one can use to confirm the HSN codes for all products. The Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs updates the websites with all the relevant codes.
Also Read: How Do HSN Codes Work?
HSN Code in Invoices What to Remember
The government requires businesses and individuals to adhere to the following while detailing HSN in Invoices.
- Business’ that earn less than Rs. 1.5 Crores do not have to use HSN codes.
- Business’ that earn more than 1.5 Crores and less than 5 Crores have to use a 2-digit HSN for goods.
- Business’ with a turnover of over Rs. 5 Crores must adopt a 4-digit HSN code.
- Businesses in import and export trade must adopt an 8-digit HSN code
Also Read: What Are The Requirements For Printing HSN Codes On Tax Invoices?
Conclusion
It is vital to assign or identify the correct HSN code of a product when engaging in international trade. In addition, accurate HSN codes simplify the customs process, ensuring proper taxes are billed. Incorrect, HSN code can lead to wrong taxation, leading to penalties and sometimes legal complications.
